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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Margaret Bryan Davis ： ウィキペディア英語版 Margaret Bryan Davis Dr. Margaret Bryan Davis (''née'' Margaret Bryan; born October 23, 1931) is an American palynologist and paleoecologist, who used pollen data to study the vegetation history of the past 21,000 years (i.e. since the last ice age) and showed conclusively how temperate-forest species migrated at different rates and in different directions while forming a changing mosaic of communities. Early in her career, she challenged the standard methods and prevailing interpretations of the data and fostered rigorous analysis in palynology. As a leading figure in ecology and paleoecology, she served as president of the Ecological Society of America and the American Quaternary Association and as chair of the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior at the University of Minnesota. In 1982 she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. ==Education== Davis received a B.A from Radcliffe College (1953), Ph.D. in biology from Harvard University (1957)〔Oakes, Elizabeth H. 2000. Davis, Margaret B. in Encyclopedia of World Scientists. Facts on File Science Library. p. 174〕 and an honorary M.S from Yale University (1974). During her undergraduate studies at Radcliffe, she took a class on paleobotany which sparked her interest in the field. She became interested in the vegetational history of the Quaternary period, which she studied for her PhD under Elso Barghoorn (paleobotanist) and Hugh Raup (forest ecologist) at Harvard Forest.〔p. 106 in Foster, David R. 2014. Hemlock: A Forest Giant on the Edge. Yale University Press.〕 During her final year at Radcliffe, she received a Fulbright fellowship, which allowed her to travel to Denmark to study at University of Copenhagen under Johannes Iversen of the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland in 1953-1954. There she studied pollen deposits from Greenland. Her findings were published in her first paper, "Interglacial Pollen Spectra from Greenland", in 1954. For her PhD research, she studied pollen data from cores taken from sites near Harvard Forest in Petersham, Massachusetts. She then obtained a postdoctoral fellowship from the National Science Foundation and worked initially at Harvard before continuing her paleoecological research in the geology department at the California Institute of Technology for two years. She then spent a year at Yale University as a research fellow, studying vegetation composition and pollen sedimentation in lakes.〔Oakes, Elizabeth H. 2000. Davis, Margaret B. in Encyclopedia of World Scientists. Facts on File Science Library. p. 174.〕 There she introduced the method of studying pollen influx or pollen accumulation rates (number of pollen grains per square centimeter per year) in cores, which was an important advance for interpreting fossil pollen data in terms of changes in past vegetation and past sedimentation conditions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Margaret Bryan Davis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.